The spread of misinformation via digital platforms and its role in falsifying collective memories (Mandela Effect)

 
The study aimed to explore the factors contributing to the spread of misinformation across digital platforms and to analyze the Mandela Effect as a phenomenon reflecting the complex interactions between technology and human cognition. It also focused on how misinformation is shaped and disseminated through digital platforms and examined the psychological and social mechanisms that make individuals susceptible to adopting and believing such information. The study was conducted on available sample of social media users from various age groups and cultural backgrounds, comprising 384 participants. Additionally, focus group discussions were organized with small samples (6 to 10 individuals) from both groups to analyze the interactions and discussions related to the study's topic. The study employed a developed model combining the Social construction theory of technology and the modern Uses and Effects model, along with potential intermediary variables in the communication process, applied to digital platforms. The results indicated clear differences among various segments of society in how they generally handle information. Younger individuals rely heavily on technology and smart applications, while older individuals depend on traditional media. Technology plays a significant role in the lives of young people, making them more susceptible to rumors and fake news. Conversely, older individuals exhibit greater caution toward information, relying on past experiences and trusted sources.